{"id":7812,"date":"2024-01-02T11:54:23","date_gmt":"2024-01-02T16:54:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/?p=7812"},"modified":"2024-01-02T11:56:46","modified_gmt":"2024-01-02T16:56:46","slug":"comment-determiner-le-prix-dune-licence-de-telecommunications-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/article-de-fond\/comment-determiner-le-prix-dune-licence-de-telecommunications-2\/","title":{"rendered":"How to determine the price of a telecommunications license"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Thanks to the liberalization of the telecommunications market, new telecommunications operators (fixed-line and mobile operators) can now hold a license to offer telecommunications services. The concessions granted by the state to operate the market are associated with state resources. The main resources used in the deployment and operation of a telecommunications network are the radio frequency spectrum, the telephone numbering plan, existing infrastructures, high points and Internet domains. When the State decides to liberalize the telecommunications market, it can always keep the incumbent operator (the leading telecommunications operator), or opt for its total or partial privatization. When the State decides to abandon the monopoly in favor of new entrants, it relies on the revenues that the concessions granted will bring in over time. Concessions are necessary for new entrants, or for existing operators wishing to migrate their networks from one generation to another (2G to 3G, 3G to 4G, and soon 4G to 5G).<\/p>

Today, the telecommunications sector is considered the world's second largest economy after oil. It's an undeniable fact that the digital economy leads the dance in today's world. This is evidenced by the revenues of the major telephone operators, equipment manufacturers and industry heavyweights (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft). This consideration is justified by the volume of electronic communications of all kinds exchanged worldwide by over 7 billion users. Telecommunications services, which rely on telecoms operators, terminal and network equipment suppliers and others, have become an essential part of the information society, guaranteeing a steady stream of revenue for all telecoms companies. Given the contribution of this sector to the economy, all the world's states see it as a guaranteed source of revenue, and are organizing to take advantage of it. The cost of concessions in this field is often the subject of bitter negotiations between the state and the applicant.<\/p>

How to effectively determine the price of a telecommunications license.<\/p>

A number of factors need to be taken into account when determining or setting the cost of a concession to a telecommunications operator.<\/p>

1. - Market size<\/strong><\/p>

The telecommunications company or operator targeting a market is interested in the size of the population to be served, or the size of the market. The larger the market, the higher the cost of the concession, and the greater and faster the return on investment. Thus, the cost of the concession is a function of the potential number of customers who will have to use the services. The State also uses the size of the market to determine the amount to be paid by the applicant. A license for the same services or technologies will not cost the same in India, the USA or Haiti. This difference is undoubtedly justified by the number of potential consumers who could guarantee a return on investment. It should be pointed out that in large countries, a concession may be granted exclusively to serve certain regions.<\/p>

2 - Purchasing power of potential customers<\/strong><\/p>

The purchasing power of potential customers is an important factor in assessing the cost of a license. A population with high purchasing power is a guarantee for the operator's investment. When looking at a market, the applicant operator makes projections on average revenues per user to get a more or less accurate idea of the profit he will be able to make. A large market with low purchasing power is of little interest to a telecommunications company, and the state cannot capitalize on the number of potential consumers to set the cost of the license.<\/p>

3 - Duration of concession contracts<\/strong><\/p>

The duration of the concessions granted is another parameter to be taken into account when it comes to cost negotiations. Licenses are granted for a fixed term, and can be renewed at the end of the contract. The longer the term, the higher the cost. Concessions generally last between 10 and 20 years. The company holding the concession has to plan for a return on investment over this period.<\/p>

4 - Coverage obligation<\/strong><\/p>

New entrants will be subject to a network coverage obligation within a given timeframe. If national coverage is envisaged, the operator will have to make major investments. This factor can work to the advantage of the investor, who can capitalize on the expenditure required to offer services throughout the country. The amount will be lower if the coverage obligation concerns part of the country within a longer timeframe.<\/p>

5 - Number of existing operators<\/strong><\/p>

The number of operators in the market is a factor that can raise or lower the cost of a new concession. Telecommunications companies that invest are interested in their share of the pie. The greater the number of operators, the lower the cost of the license. The greater the number of operators on the market, the lower the return on investment. The price of a concession in a large market served by only two or three operators will certainly be high.\u00a0<\/p>

6 - Quantity of resources associated with the concession<\/strong><\/p>

The amount of government resources required for network deployment can have a major impact on the price. An operator using 20 MHz for the deployment and operation of its cellular network will certainly not pay the same amount as one requesting 40 MHz. The same applies to the quantity of telephone numbers or existing infrastructure that the operator may wish to use for its operations.<\/p>

7 - Quantity of services to be provided<\/strong><\/p>

The cost of a license may depend on the number of services a telecom operator is authorized to offer. A cellular operator authorized to build a transmission network to serve other cellular operators, and provide other services, will certainly pay more than a simple mobile operator. A license that covers a wide range of telecoms services brings in more revenue for the operator, hence the justification for a higher fee.<\/p>

All the criteria developed in this text must be taken into account when determining the price of a telecommunications license, to ensure that the process is fair. In some cases, benchmarking is used as a shortcut to facilitate negotiation. In this case, countries with similar populations and economies are taken as examples, and a deduction is made from the analyses to decide how much to charge.<\/p>

In a sector as vital to development as it is to the economy, cost decisions must be based on the technical and economic criteria used in all markets, and which reflect the reality of the sector.<\/p>

Investments in technology acquisition and network operations are staggering, and represent a major challenge for operators. To encourage the development of the sector, it would be advisable for the State to capitalize more on the contributions (wealth creation, technological development) that a concession can offer, rather than imposing a prohibitive initial fee, likely to discourage new entrants. The stakes involved in developing the sector in a given country go far beyond the simple cost of the right to operate a telecommunications network.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Gregory DOMOND, Ing. M.Sc<\/em><\/p>

Consultant Telecom<\/em><\/p>

E-mail\u00a0: gregorydomond@hotmail.com<\/em><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 \u00a0la lib\u00e9ralisation du march\u00e9 des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, de nouveaux op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications (Op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie fixe et mobile) peuvent d\u00e9sormais d\u00e9tenir une licence pour offrir des services de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications. Les concessions accord\u00e9es par l\u2019Etat pour exploiter le march\u00e9 sont associ\u00e9es et assorties de ressources de l\u2019Etat. Les principales ressources utilis\u00e9es dans le d\u00e9ploiement et les op\u00e9rations d\u2019un r\u00e9seau de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications sont le spectre de fr\u00e9quences radio\u00e9lectriques, le plan de num\u00e9rotation t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique, les infrastructures existantes, les points hauts, les domaines Internet. Lorsque l\u2019Etat d\u00e9cide de lib\u00e9raliser le march\u00e9 des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, il peut toujours garder l\u2019op\u00e9rateur historique (premier op\u00e9rateur de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications), ou opter pour une privatisation totale ou partielle de ce dernier. Quand l\u2019Etat d\u00e9cide d\u2019abandonner le monopole au profit de nouveaux entrants, il compte sur les revenus que les concessions accord\u00e9es pourront lui rapporter sur la dur\u00e9e. Une concession est n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 tout nouveau entrant, ou aux op\u00e9rateurs existants d\u00e9sireux de migrer leurs r\u00e9seaux d\u2019une g\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u00e0 une autre (2G vers 3G, 3G vers 4G, et bient\u00f4t 4G vers 5G). Aujourd\u2019hui, le secteur des t\u00e9l\u00e9communications est\u00a0 consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme la deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9conomie du monde apr\u00e8s le p\u00e9trole. Il est un fait ind\u00e9niable que l\u2019\u00e9conomie num\u00e9rique m\u00e8ne la dance dans le monde d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui. En t\u00e9moignent les revenus des grands op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie, des \u00e9quipementiers, \u00a0et des grands t\u00e9nors de l\u2019industrie (Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon et Microsoft). Cette consid\u00e9ration \u00a0est justifi\u00e9e par le volume de communications \u00e9lectroniques de toutes sortes \u00e9chang\u00e9es \u00e0 travers le monde par plus de 7 milliards d\u2019utilisateurs. Le service de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications qui repose, entre autres,\u00a0 sur les op\u00e9rateurs de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, les fournisseurs de terminaux et \u00e9quipements de r\u00e9seaux est une prestation devenue incontournable dans cette soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de l\u2019information, d\u2019o\u00f9 la garantie de revenue continue pour toute entreprise de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications. Compte tenu de l\u2019apport de ce secteur \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9conomie, tous les Etats du monde y voient une source de revenus garantie, et s\u2019organisent pour en\u00a0 tirer parti. Le co\u00fbt des concessions dans ce domaine est un sujet qui est souvent l\u2019objet d\u2019\u00e2pres n\u00e9gociations entre l\u2019Etat et le demandeur. Comment d\u00e9terminer effectivement le prix d\u2019une licence de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications. Plusieurs facteurs sont \u00e0 prendre en compte lorsqu\u2019il s\u2019agit de d\u00e9terminer ou de fixer le co\u00fbt d\u2019une concession \u00e0 un op\u00e9rateur de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications. 1.- Taille\u00a0 du march\u00e9 L\u2019entreprise de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications ou l\u2019op\u00e9rateur de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications qui vise un march\u00e9 s\u2019int\u00e9resse \u00e0 la taille de la population \u00e0 desservir ou encore la taille du march\u00e9. Plus le march\u00e9 est grand, plus le prix de la concession est important, plus le retour sur investissement sera grand et rapide. Ainsi, le co\u00fbt de la concession est une fonction du nombre potentiel de clients qui auront \u00e0 exploiter les services. L\u2019Etat utilise aussi la taille du march\u00e9 pour d\u00e9terminer le montant \u00e0 verser par le demandeur. Une licence pour les m\u00eames services ou les m\u00eames technologies ne co\u00fbtera pas le m\u00eame montant en Inde, aux Etats Unis, ou encore en Ha\u00efti. Cette diff\u00e9rence se justifie indubitablement par le nombre de consommateurs potentiels qui pourraient garantir le retour sur investissement. Il faut souligner que dans les pays de grande taille, une concession peut \u00eatre accord\u00e9e\u00a0 exclusivement pour desservir certaines r\u00e9gions. 2.- Pouvoir d\u2019achat des consommateurs potentiels Le pouvoir d\u2019achat des potentiels clients\u00a0 est un facteur important dans\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9valuation du co\u00fbt d\u2019une licence. Une population disposant d\u2019un pouvoir d\u2019achat \u00e9lev\u00e9 est une garantie pour l\u2019investissement de l\u2019op\u00e9rateur. En s\u2019int\u00e9ressant \u00e0 un\u00a0 march\u00e9, l\u2019op\u00e9rateur demandeur fait des projections sur les revenus moyens par utilisateur pour se faire une id\u00e9e plus ou moins exacte du profit qu\u2019il aura \u00e0 encaisser. Un march\u00e9 de grande taille ayant un faible pouvoir d\u2019achat ne pr\u00e9sente pas un grand int\u00e9r\u00eat pour une entreprise de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications, et l\u2019Etat ne peut pas capitaliser sur la quantit\u00e9 de consommateurs potentiels pour fixer le co\u00fbt de la licence. 3.- Dur\u00e9e du contrat de concession La dur\u00e9e des concessions accord\u00e9es est un autre param\u00e8tre dont il faut tenir compte quand il s\u2019agit des n\u00e9gociations relatives au co\u00fbt. En effet, les licences sont octroy\u00e9es pour une dur\u00e9e d\u00e9termin\u00e9e, et peuvent \u00eatre renouvel\u00e9es au terme du contrat. Plus la dur\u00e9e est longue, plus le montant est important. G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, les concessions durent entre 10 et 20 ans. L\u2019entreprise d\u00e9tentrice de la concession doit s\u2019organiser pour un retour sur investissement sur ladite p\u00e9riode. 4.-Obligation de couverture Les nouveaux entrants seront assujettis \u00e0 une obligation de couverture du r\u00e9seau\u00a0 dans un temps donn\u00e9. Si la couverture nationale est envisag\u00e9e, de gros investissements seront consentis par l\u2019op\u00e9rateur. Ce facteur peut jouer en faveur de l\u2019investisseur\u00a0 qui peut capitaliser sur les d\u00e9penses \u00e0 faire pour offrir les services\u00a0 \u00e0 travers tout le pays.\u00a0 Le montant sera moindre si l\u2019obligation de couverture concerne une partie du pays dans un d\u00e9lai plus long. 5.- Nombre d\u2019op\u00e9rateurs existants Le nombre d\u2019op\u00e9rateurs exploitant le\u00a0 march\u00e9 est un facteur qui peut faire grimper ou baisser le montant d\u2019une nouvelle concession. Les entreprises de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications qui investissent sont int\u00e9ress\u00e9es \u00e0 leur part du g\u00e2teau. Plus le nombre d\u2019op\u00e9rateurs est grand, plus petit est le co\u00fbt de la licence. Le nombre d\u2019op\u00e9rateurs sur le march\u00e9 signifie que le retour sur investissement sera moins grand et moins rapide. Le prix d\u2019une concession dans un grand march\u00e9 desservi seulement par deux ou trois op\u00e9rateurs sera certainement \u00e9lev\u00e9.\u00a0 6.- Quantit\u00e9 de ressources associ\u00e9es \u00e0 la concession La quantit\u00e9 de ressources de l\u2019Etat exig\u00e9es pour le d\u00e9ploiement du r\u00e9seau\u00a0 peut grandement peser sur le prix. Un op\u00e9rateur utilisant 20 MHz pour le d\u00e9ploiement et les op\u00e9rations de son r\u00e9seau cellulaire ne paiera pas certainement le m\u00eame montant que celui qui demande 40 MHz. Il en est de m\u00eame\u00a0 de la quantit\u00e9 de num\u00e9ros de t\u00e9l\u00e9phone ou des infrastructures existantes dont l\u2019op\u00e9rateur peut vouloir en disposer pour ses op\u00e9rations. 7.- Quantit\u00e9 de services \u00e0 fournir Le co\u00fbt de la licence peut \u00eatre fonction d\u2019un nombre d\u00e9termin\u00e9 de services qu\u2019un op\u00e9rateur de t\u00e9l\u00e9communications est autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 offrir. Un op\u00e9rateur de t\u00e9l\u00e9phonie cellulaire autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 construire un r\u00e9seau de transmission pour desservir d\u2019autres op\u00e9rateurs cellulaires, et fournir d\u2019autres services, paiera certainement plus<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7813,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[88],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-article-de-fond"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7812"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7826,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7812\/revisions\/7826"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/promotic.net\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}